Advancing Circularity and Sustainability in Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal (BIPVT) Systems: A Material Flow and Lifecycle Assessment Framework

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Poster Number:  20 

Main Presenter:    Silu Bhochhibhoya 

Co-Authors:   Eric Brugman     Ivar Bergmans      John Van Oorschot                                    

Abstract

Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal (BIPVT) systems offer significant potential for renewable energy generation, yet their circularity and environmental performance across the full life cycle remain insufficiently understood. This study introduces a comprehensive assessment framework that evaluates the circularity, environmental impacts, and disassembly potential of BIPVT systems. The framework integrates dynamic material flow analysis (MFA), embodied energy and carbon flow indicators, and disassembly potential metrics, thereby shifting the focus from traditional mass-based assessments to flow-oriented evaluations across production, use, and end-of-life stages.

The methodology is demonstrated through a case study of a renovated roof system incorporating Solinso Mystiek 1500 BIPVT roof tiles. Results show a high linear flow index (LFI = 0.89) and a low material circularity index (MCI = 0.20), indicating strong reliance on virgin materials. The BIPVT tiles account for the majority of the system’s embodied energy (92.65 MJ/m²·year) and embodied carbon flows (4.94 kg/m²·year), highlighting the environmental burden associated with PV module production. In contrast, the system exhibits a high disassembly potential (DP = 0.91), suggesting promising opportunities for material recovery at end of life. Operational performance results demonstrate substantial carbon offset potential, with a reduction of –101.8 kg/m²·year for roof-integrated systems.

These findings underscore the urgent need for innovation in material sourcing, manufacturing processes, and recycling pathways to align BIPVT technologies with circular economy principles. The proposed framework provides a robust tool for designers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to evaluate and improve the circularity and sustainability of BIPVT systems. Future work will expand validation across diverse system configurations and incorporate additional environmental impact categories to strengthen the framework’s applicability.

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