A Statistical Foundation for a Effective Net Zero Framework in Maritime

Main Presenter:    Harshil Desai 

Co-Authors:                                                  

The IMO’s Net Zero Framework (NZF) is a significant milestone for maritime decarbonization, setting the stage for a global transition to cleaner fuels. As the industry begins implementing the IMO LCA guidelines, the focus is shifting toward the practical data that will drive these regulations. Specifically, the use of Default Emission Factors (DEFs) provides a necessary starting point for measuring fuel impact. This presentation explores how statistical benchmarking can further refine these defaults that are industry representative and conservative.

The current challenge is one of technical evolution rather than a flaw in the framework itself. As more alternative fuels enter the market, the range of available data on their carbon intensity naturally varies. Statistical benchmarking offers a way to harmonize these different data points, turning a wide range of estimates into a clear, reliable baseline. By applying this mathematical rigor, we can support the IMO’s goals by reducing the “data noise” that can sometimes complicate investment decisions. This isn’t about changing the rules, but about providing better tools to follow them.

Using a benchmarked approach to DEFs allows shipowners and regulators to work from a shared, evidence-based understanding of fuel performance. It moves the conversation from broad estimates to specific, defensible figures that reflect real-world conditions. This level of precision is exactly what is needed to unlock large-scale investment in new fuels, as it minimizes the risk of future regulatory adjustments. Ultimately, statistical benchmarking acts as a supportive pillar for the NZF, helping the maritime sector turn high-level climate policy into verifiable operational success.

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