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Until 2030, the German sector of transportation may only emit 43,5 % of the greenhouse gases referring to 1990. Within this context, all logistical activities in Germany, especially the transport logistics, have to become more sustainable. For the evaluation of different measures, we use an LCA model example of a logistics company that we created with the software “umberto LCA+”. The following boundary conditions which characterize our generic model company will remain unchanged: road transportation with heavy duty vehicles (lorries), networks of suppliers and customers, road networks and traffic situations in Germany.
Through a parameter variation, we analyse if and how companies may achieve this climate protection target or reach beyond that. One finding is, the major contribution to the companies’ CO2 footprint arises from road transportation. The share of the location operation is less than 10 %. One major lever is the lorries’ payload. Because it is not possible to use a transportation data set of EcoInvent for testing different loading scenarios with the simulation software umberto LCA+, we will also show how to adapt the data sets allowing for sensitivity analyses. We further exchange the heavy duty vehicles’ driving technology within the LCA model and evaluate the changes in environmental impacts, compared to the baseline Diesel scenario. Here, it is important to focus on sustainability in the pre-chains of fuels or energy (p. e. production of electricity or LNG, scope 2) to achieve an environmental bonus. For the calculation of CO2 equivalent emissions and energy consumption arising from road transportation we use data from the “Handbook Emissions Factors for Road Traffic” HBEFA4.1. Overall, a net zero emission scenario cannot be achieved while holding the three constraints mentioned above. The system of transportation has at least to be supplemented by rail transport. Also, the networks have to be redesigned for more sustainability.
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